Surgical treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumors – a single centre retrospective study
Abstract
Background: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) account for 1-3% of all malignant tumors of the gastrointestinal tract, with an annual incidence of 1.5 per 100,000 inhabitants. GISTs are the most common symptomatic tumors of the small intestine while the most common site of is the stomach followed by the small intestine and colon.
Material and methods: A retrospective, single centre study was conducted and it encompassed all patients who underwent surgical treatment of GIST in a period
2010-2020 at General Hospital Karlovac. Data were obtained from medical records using institutional digital system. Data on demographic, tumor and operative characteristics as well as outcomes were collected and analysed.
Results: A total of 12 patients with pathological diagnosis of GIST were treated in the study period. There were four men and eight women with mean age
of xx (ranged 49 - 79 years). The tumor was located in stomach in seven cases (58.3%), three were arising in small intestine, one in omentum, and one in mesenteric root. The most common clinical presentation was bleeding in seven patients followed
by obstruction in three and palpable tumor mass with pain in two patients. All patients underwent surgery under general anaesthesia. They were monitored over
a period of minimally 5 years and 10 patients had no recurrence, while one patient died within the first year due to cardiovascular incident. Only one patient died as
a result of disseminated GIST.
Conclusion: GISTs are uncommon tumors, but in most cases have favorable prognosis mainly due to successful surgical resection and availability of potent targeted
therapy. Abdominal surgeons should be familiar with etiology and pathophysiology of GISTs and diagnostic and therapeutic approaches in GIST management.
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